A robot is an automated machine that performs tasks. It can be commanded by humans, run pre-programmed procedures, or act according to principles established using artificial intelligence.
As one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century, robotics has continuously driven transformation in industry, services, and society as a whole since its inception.
In essence, robotics integrates knowledge and technologies from multiple disciplines, including mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, control theory, sensor technology, and artificial intelligence. Its core components typically include mechanical structure, drive system, control system, perception system, and decision-making system. The mechanical structure is the robot's body, determining its movement and operational range; the drive system provides power, enabling it to perform various actions; the control system receives instructions, coordinates the work of each part, and ensures the robot operates according to the predetermined program; the perception system acquires external information through various sensors, such as vision, hearing, and touch, providing the robot with environmental awareness; and the decision-making system makes decisions based on perceived information and preset rules, guiding the robot's actions.